Tuesday, August 31, 2021

Why I am hesitant to take the Covid-19 vaccine?

 

Why I am hesitant to take the Covid-19 vaccine?

Due to the following reasons, I declare that I’m not willing to get vaccinated for Covid-19.

 i. Under normal circumstances, it takes 8-10 years for a vaccine to reach the market from the start of the initial research and development stage. However, the current Covid-19 vaccines in the market, that timeline has been shortened to less than 1 year. I believe that this time-period is grossly insufficient to effectively evaluate the long-term safety issues of any pharmaceutical product. Throughout the history of medicine, there have been numerous instances where long-term adverse effects of vaccines have been identified [1-5]. However, it took considerable amount of time to conclusively identify these issues and in the meantime, many recipients of these vaccines were harmed. Thus, I have a reasonable doubt that a range of vaccines that are released to the market in a markedly limited time-period may have long term safety issues that may have not been conclusively identified so far. 

ii. Several key committee members of National Medicines Regulatory Agency (NMRA), which is the regulatory body in Sri Lanka have resigned recently and it was reported in the media that its chairman was removed by the minister in charge [6-8]. Prior to these drastic changes in the constituency of the committee, it rejected to approve the Covid-19 vaccine produced by the Chinese company Sinopharm. The new committee that was appointed afterwards readily approved the same vaccine. Due to such circumstances, I have a reasonable doubt whether the operations of this regulatory body is purely done based on a scientific basis or whether it has been operating under political influence. I believe this factor may have implications on the vaccines and pharmaceutical products that may be approved to be sold/administered within Sri Lankan, in the future as well.

 iii. It has to be noted that there has never been a vaccine in the market for any of the prior coronaviruses. This includes the viruses like SARS and MERS that have caused prior epidemics. According to the scientific literature on this topic, one of the key reasons for this is phenomenon called ‘Antibody Dependent Enhancement’ (ADE), where in certain vaccines the antibodies produced by the vaccination may actually enhance the infection if the vaccinated individual is infected with the wild virus [9, 10]. This condition has previously been recorded with other vaccines as well. For instance, a dengue vaccine that was administered to the children in Philippines caused many children to die when they were infected with the natural virus later on, and several key government officials were criminally charged for approving that particular vaccine [4].

 Several domain experts such as Prof. Dolores Cahill[11], a Professor of Medicine at the University College Dublin, Ireland [11],  Robert Malone[12] who is a pioneer of the mRNA vaccine technology have raised this issue regarding Covid vaccines. It is important to note that if Covid vaccines cause ADE, it will be difficult to determine that in a general population and it might take a considerable amount of time before it’s conclusively proven. The reason is that the time taken for a person to get infected with the wild virus or a variant of a wild virus may vary from person to person. Moreover, already there’s experimental evidence that the vaccinated individuals may be susceptible to this condition, particularly against the delta variant of the SARS-Cov-2 virus [13]. It is my belief that so far, the World Health Organization or the Sri Lankan health authorities have failed to address this issue in a transparent manner. Therefore, I’m not confident that the currently administered vaccines may not cause ADE, against the currently circulating variants or any possible future variants of the SARS-COV-2 virus. 

iv.  It doesn’t appear that the Sri Lankan health authorities have a systematic approach to collect data regarding the adverse effects of the Covid vaccines. Further, any of the gathered data on the adverse effects are not available to the general public. In any case, it’s extremely challenging to keep track of all incidences of adverse events while a mass vaccination campaign of an unprecedented magnitude is being carried on. However, in USA and the UK, there are self-reporting systems in place, so that the public and healthcare professionals can report vaccine adverse events. The VAERS (Vaccine adverse event recording systems) in USA [14] has received reports of 4901 deaths following vaccination and a large number of sever adverse events, as of 22nd August 2021. Further, 700 pregnant women have reported that they suffered miscarriages following vaccination. Similarly, the Yellow Card system [ 15] that is operational in the UK too has received substantial number of reports of death and severe adverse events.

While it is not possible to conclusively prove at this point whether all these reports are due to vaccination or whether they merely coincided with the vaccination, it has to be noted that these are drastically high numbers. It has to be noted that the number of deaths reported in the VAERS system is higher that the total number of deaths reported due to all vaccinations over the last few decades. I believe this is reason enough to be skeptical about the safety of these vaccines.

v. Sri Lanka receives vaccines like AstraZeneca and Pfizer through the COVAX facility. COVAX facility consists of organizations such as World Health Organization, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Pharmaceutical companies that manufacture vaccines. This facility enters into indemnification agreements with the respective states prior to selling vaccines to the national health authorities of those states [16], relieving the manufacturers from any liability of any adverse effects caused by the vaccination. The Sri Lankan state too has signed such an indemnification agreement with the COVAX facility [17]. If the manufacturers and the national health authorities are confident that these vaccines may not cause any long term adverse events, it is difficult to understand why the COVAX facility would insist on entering into such an agreement. Supposing only a fraction of the people would have any adverse events as the health authorities suggest, surely the profit gained through selling the vaccines will be more that sufficient to compensate for that. Thus, it appears that even the manufacturers of these vaccines are not confident about their safety, which makes me rightfully doubtful of their safety and efficacy.

vi. Those who receive the vaccine in Sri Lanka too enter into a consent agreement claiming that take full responsibility for any potential adverse event. If the state health authorities are confident that these vaccines are sufficiently safe, it is questionable why such an agreement is required prior to the vaccination. On the other hand, when the government directly and indirectly mandates the vaccine through applying pressure on the citizens, it is doubtful whether such consent given is actually valid as it has been given by the vaccinee under duress.

vii. Several experts on epidemiology and immunology have expressed their concerns over mass vaccinations being carried out in the midst of a pandemic [18, 19]. They are of the opinion that it increases the probability of emergence new variants that are resistant to the antibodies created by the vaccines. This risk is particularly high in vaccines that supposedly only reduce the symptoms yet do not prevent infection or transmission, which is the case with the currently available covid vaccines. Further, experts such as Geert Vanden Bossche have pointed out that the sub-optimal immunity that is created in the bodies of those who have just received the first dose creates a very favorable environment for the new variants to emerge [18]. Therefore, receiving these vaccines may not only be harmful on an individual basis but also may have a harmful effect on the entire population as well. 

viii. Another concern raised by some experts regarding the mass vaccinations done in the midst of a pandemic is that it can create a favorable environment for more virulent variants to be the dominant variants in the population [19,20]. In other words, that the less virulent variants (variants that may cause less severe symptoms) become dominant in a predominantly unvaccinated population and that the more virulent variants (variants that may cause more severe symptoms) become dominant (more widely spread) in a predominantly vaccinated population. This phenomenon is especially relevant with vaccines that may not prevent transmission or infection but merely reduce the symptoms of the infection, which is typical for the current covid vaccines according to the health authorities and the domain experts [21-24]. In particular, it has been experimentally shown that when the vaccinated get infected with the delta variant, they tend to carry an unusually high viral load and that they may easily spread the virus to the others [25. This fact is further reinforced by the current mandates where even the vaccinated are required to wear masks and adhere to the social distancing guidelines, supposedly to prevent them from getting infected and from transmitting the virus to the others. Hence, I believe vaccinating in the midst of the pandemic may not only be harmful to myself personally, but also it may be detrimental to the health of the entire population as well.   

ix. Certain covid vaccines operate by making the body to produce antibodies for the ‘spike protein’ found in the SARS-Cov-2 virus. There’s experimental evidence that suggests that the spike proteins injected through the vaccines get into the blood circulation, through which they will navigate to different organs of the body [26, 27].  This particular spike protein is a pathogenic protein, meaning that it can cause harm to the bodily tissues. The potential long term adverse effects of these spike proteins to the different organs of the body have not been conclusively determined. 

x.At least two serious adverse effects of covid vaccines that were not identified during the clinical trials but rather based on the anecdotal evidence received from the general public who received the vaccines.  One of them is the risk of blood-clots due to the AstraZeneca vaccine [28] and the other is the risk of myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), particularly among young males due to mRNA vaccines (e.g. pFizer, moderna) [29]. It is possible that there could be other long term adverse effects that have not been identified in the clinical trials. Further, it is not clear whether the local or international health authorities have identified the mechanism in which the vaccines cause the blood-clots and myocarditis. Thus, the same unidentified mechanism may cause more long-term adverse effects that have not been identified so far. Given this context, I have a reasonable doubt regarding the safety of these vaccines.

xi.The vaccines that have been approved locally and by the World Health Organization have only been granted emergency approval and not full approval. Usually, emergency approval is granted when there’s no effective treatment for a certain disease. Usually, the emergency approval process is less rigorous compared to the full approval process and may not involve certain safety related data (e.g. data obtained from animal trials). Thus, I believe that the regulatory bodies may not have a comprehensive understanding on the short term and long-term adverse effects of the emergency approved Covid vaccines.

xii.According to the health authorities, the available vaccines merely reduce the symptoms and the probability of death, if one is infected with the SARS-Cov-2 virus. However, the Western allopathic medical system has already identified vitamins, elements and supplements that may improve the innate immunity [30, 31] of an individual and may even reduce the symptoms and duration of Covid if one is infected with SARS-Cov-2 [32-35]. These vitamins, elements and supplements are considered safe, backed by long-term safety data, and available for purchase even without a prescription. Therefore, I think these therapeutics offer a viable alternative to Covid vaccines, of which the long-term safety data are not available.

xiii.Numerous peer-reviewed journal articles have been published in reputed journals indicating the efficacy of generic low-cost pharmaceutical drugs (repurpose drugs) such as hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin, both as treatments for covid and also as prophylactics (medical interventions used to prevent infection) [36-38]. Even in neighboring India, several state officials have claimed that ivermectin contributed immensely in curbing the death rates in their respective states [39,40]. Billions of these drugs have been administered over many decades and their safety profiles are well understood. It has to be noted that the patentable time-period of these drugs have been expired so the pharmaceutical companies are unable to make substantial profits from these cheap and generic drugs. In the backdrop of all these, it is questionable and lamentable that the healthcare authorities seem to have completely ignored the possibility of using these drugs as early outpatient treatments to prevent hospitalization and death, while focusing entirely on new patented vaccines and experimental drugs, whose safety profiles are not well understood.

xiv. Numerous clinical trials done in multiple countries have shown that ayurvedic and traditional medicines are effective in reducing the symptoms of covid [41-44]. Since such alternatives are available that can provide benefits that are supposedly similar to that of the vaccines, I don’t believe that it’s essential to be vaccinated. 

xv. The expert committee appointed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to investigate the origin of the SARS-Cov-2 virus was initially of the opinion that the virus may have jumped naturally from animals to humans [45]. However, the chief scientist of that committee Dr. Peter Embarek has since stated that the patient zero of the virus may have been an employee of virology lab at Wuhan, China [46]. He has also stated that the WHO team were influenced by the Chinese scientists in their original investigation [47]. Even Dr. Anthony Fauci, who is the head of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has stated that the origin of the virus may be due to a lab-leak [48]. There is also scientific studies and analysis of the viral genome that claims that the virus could very well be man-made [49,50]. However, the Chinese government continues to deny this. Surprisingly, the Chinese government has recently changed its position of natural origin to allege the United States that this virus originated from a US military facility [51]. Such conflicting positions makes one question the transparency and the openness of the Chinese government in combating covid, and also the vaccines that are developed by the companies owned by the Chinese government. It has to be reiterated that the National Medicines Regulatory Agency was initially reluctant to approve the Chinese made vaccines. This skepticism is further justified by the fact that numerous countries that predominantly used Chinese vaccines have seen a surge in covid case/deaths following the mass-vaccinations [52]. If any of these speculations and allegations by different parties has any truth, then as a citizen it’s very hard for me to judge which party can be trusted in obtaining the therapeutics and vaccines that they offer.

xvi. Moreover, in mid-January of 2020, WHO cited Chinese authorities, declaring that this novel coronavirus is not human-to-human transmissible [53]. This piece of misinformation was critical in delaying the actions that could have been taken by the nations of the world in preventing the spread. There’s clear evidence that the Chinese government already knew that the SARS-Cov-2 virus is human to human transmissible [54,55]. The lack of transparency in the Chinese government further damages their credibility in combating covid and it’s difficult for an individual to trust the therapeutics and vaccines offered by state owned companies of a government that doesn’t seem to be forthcoming in mitigating the damage incurred by Covid, globally.

xvii.  Some countries have already started to administer a third dose of the Covid vaccine [56]. The authorities in Sri Lanka too have indicated that they are planning to start vaccinating with a third dose from October 2021 [57]. The justification for giving these ‘booster shots’ is that the immunity induced by the vaccines are temporary and may wane after 6 months. Based on the data published by the World Health Organization, there are close to 300 Covid vaccines being developed at various stages of the production pipeline [58]. Given this context, any force or coercion in vaccinating against Covid can create a very lucrative business model for global pharmaceutical industry, where the public health may be compromised over profit. On the other hand, if the immunity of vaccines is temporary, it is questionable why it is necessary to coerce or force the citizens to get vaccines.

xviii. In the Covid vaccination program, the naturally obtained immunity of those who’ve been already infected and recovered from Covid has completely been ignored. Even those who were naturally infected are being coerced and forced to get vaccinated. The generally accepted that in disease caused by viruses natural immunity obtained through infection surpasses the vaccine induced immunity in its duration and robustness. It has been shown that this general tendency holds true for Covid as well [59-61]. Further, there is evidence that the natural immunity surpasses vaccine induced immunity in its effectiveness [59]. Therefore, the medical necessity of vaccinating the infected is questionable. Therefore, it’s arguable whether the policy to vaccinate who are already infected is made purely based on medical grounds or whether there’s a financial motive behind such a policy.

xix.Sinopharm vaccine, which is the vaccine that is predominantly administer in Sri Lanka is not accepted as a valid Covid vaccine by USA or the European union [62-64]. These guidelines are issued by the health experts in these countries and regions and that poses the question whether this vaccine is effective. On the other hand, if these guidelines are imposed due to political/financial reasons, then there’s the issue whether there’s a medical basis for these guidelines. If these guidelines are imposed due to political reasons, then it’s questionable whether the other guidelines on vaccination imposed by these organizations are also politically driven.  

xx.  The efficacy of the Covid vaccines is measured using a measure called relative efficacy and not the absolute efficacy. Relative efficacy is measured by comparing the numbers of those who are infected in both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated groups. Several experts have opined that this measure gives an exaggerated value of the vaccine efficacy and that absolute efficacy is more appropriate to quantify the actual benefit of vaccination in the general society [65, 66]. The reason is, in the general society, there are those who are infected as well as not infected, among the vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. However, the absolute efficacy of these vaccines are very small and it’s questionable whether there’s significant benefit of vaccination based on it. Therefore, I’m of the opinion that the absolute benefit of the vaccination is highly exaggerated.

xxi. The Department of Government information issued a press release on 30th August 2021 proclaiming that a batch of Sinopharm vaccines have been donated by the People’s Liberation Army, China [67]. It’s questionable whether the chain of custody can be ensured when a pharmaceutical product such as a vaccine can be ensured when it’s obtained through a third party and not from the manufacturer. The health authorities should clarify this issue. 

xxii. The official position of the health authorities is that even if someone who is already vaccinated gets infected that probability of death is lower than with an unvaccinated individual. However, there is an official data point in a report published by Public Health England, that contradicts this position [68]. Table 4 in page 12 shows that between 1st of February 2021 and 1st of June 2021, 34 out of 35,521 infected with the delta variant have died. On the other hand, during the same period 26 people have died after 14 days of receiving both the doses of the vaccines, out of 4087 positive delta cases. Therefore, the case fatality rate among the unvaccinated is 0.09% and the same is 0.6% among the vaccinated for the delta variant. According to this result the probability of death is much higher for someone who have received both doses of the vaccines compared to the probability of death for someone who has not received any vaccine. This observation directly contradicts the official position of the health authorities and they do bear the responsibility to explain the reason for this observation. It is extremely troubling that the health authorities are coercing and forcing vaccination on the public without addressing this critical issue.

xxiii.The Japanese government suspended 1.6 million doses of the Moderna vaccine in August 2021, due to the suspicions that they may be contaminated [69]. Previously, Brazil banned the Russian sputnik vaccine due to the concerns that it contains a live virus [70]. I have a reasonable doubt whether the Sri Lankan health authorities do adequate testing on the vaccines that are imported in different time periods in mass-scale, which is another reason why I’m skeptical about receiving a vaccine.

 xxiv. I strongly believe that any medical intervention, including vaccines should be done based on the consent of the individual subjected to it. This believe is based on the principles of basic human rights, the Nuremberg code and the ethical principles such as informed consent in modern medicine. According to the third chapter of the Sri Lankan constitution [71], Sri Lankan citizens have the right to be treated equally before the law, freedom of thought and conscience, freedom from inhuman or degrading treatment, freedom from discrimination, freedom of movement and right to have. Mandatory or coerced vaccination violates all of these fundamental rights and freedoms in my opinion. These rights and freedoms are paramount is protecting the free individual from a potentially tyrannical government. Any violation or breach of these fundamental rights and freedoms will set an extremely harmful precedence for unrestricted government power that may lead to a tyrannical rule. Even if the current vaccines are safe and effective (which they are not in my humble opinion), violating these fundamental rights and freedoms may pave way to future vaccines and other medical interventions in a forceful manner, regardless of the net public benefit or harm caused by them.

It has to be noted that these very important fundamental rights and freedoms were developed by humanity by taking into account historical examples where governments abused their power by inflicting unthinkable damage on innocent civilians. For instance, the Nuremberg code that protects the individual from being subjected to medical treatments and experiments without consent was borne out of the medical atrocities conducted by the Nazi regime against the innocent Jewish civilians who were subjected to forced medical tests and so-called treatments for a self-proclaimed ‘greater-good’. These historical examples signify the paramount importance of preserving these basic human rights and freedoms. Failing to do so may not only be detrimental for the population and may have devastating effect on the future generation and the entire human species.

 

  

References 

[1] The fiasco of the 1976 ‘swine flu affair’

https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200918-the-fiasco-of-the-us-swine-flu-affair-of-1976

 

[2] The 112-Year Odyssey of Pertussis and Pertussis Vaccines—Mistakes Made and Implications for the Future

https://academic.oup.com/jpids/article/8/4/334/5359449

 

[3] Chickenpox vaccination does increase shingles cases, but mainly in young adults

 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/08/150811103555.htm

 

[4] Dengue vaccine fiasco leads to criminal charges for researcher in the Philippines

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/04/dengue-vaccine-fiasco-leads-criminal-charges-researcher-philippines

 

[5] Polio Vaccination Causes More Infections than Wild Virus

https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/polio-vaccination-causes-more-infections-than-wild-virus-66778

 

[6] Health Minister sacks NMRA expert who opposed vaccine approval without data

https://www.newswire.lk/2021/04/04/health-minister-sacks-nmra-expert-who-opposed-vaccine-approval-without-data-sunday-times/

 

[7] Crisis-ridden NMRA gives waiver of registration for import of China’s Sinopharm vaccine

https://www.sundaytimes.lk/210321/news/crisis-ridden-nmra-gives-waiver-of-registration-for-import-of-chinas-sinopharm-vaccine-437136.html

 

[8] Protests over NMRA’s decision to grant waiver to Sinopharm

https://www.sundaytimes.lk/210328/news/protests-over-nmras-decision-to-grant-waiver-to-sinopharm-438059.html

 

[9] Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-00789-5

 

[10] Two Different Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) Risks for SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.640093/full

 

[11] Professor Dolores Cahill’s interview on possible Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Covid Vaccines

https://rumble.com/vck2ak-professor-dolores-cahill-why-people-will-start-dying-a-few-months-after-the.html

 

[12] Robert Malone’s interview on possible Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Covid vaccines

https://www.brighteon.com/713b4896-f765-4403-9ba3-f2a08a0fdf95

 

[13] Infection-enhancing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies recognize both the original Wuhan/D614G strain and Delta variants. A potential risk for mass vaccination?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8351274/?fbclid=IwAR19x71Zj0BEgPhwimepJ6Bn7AHEwsZDPUs9HfcjddhZNFBjGE3AHtBQ8ig

 

[14] Vaccine Adverse event reporting system

https://vaers.hhs.gov/data.html

 

[15] Coronavirus Yellow Card reporting site

https://coronavirus-yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/

 

[16] COVAX Statement on WHO Emergency Use Listing for AstraZeneca/Oxford COVID-19 vaccine

https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/covax-statement-who-emergency-use-listing-astrazenecaoxford-covid-19-vaccine

 

[17] Vaccine application by Sri Lanka to Covax facility

http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.lk/cab/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16&Itemid=49&lang=en&dID=10846

 

[18] Geert Vanden Bossche PhD and his warning to the world against 'Immune Escape'

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9PdZn_Yd5w

 

[19] Virus Evolution Could Undermine a COVID-19 Vaccine– But This Can be Stopped

 https://www.laboratoryequipment.com/570626-Virus-Evolution-Could-Undermine-a-COVID-19-Vaccine-But-This-Can-be-Stopped/

 

[20] Pathogen evolution in a vaccinated world | Andrew Read

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TeyxhehhEuo&t=1793s

 

[21] Vaccinated people make up 75% of recent COVID-19 cases in Singapore, but few fall ill

https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vaccinated-people-singapore-make-up-three-quarters-recent-covid-19-cases-2021-07-23/

 

[22] A grim warning from Israel: Vaccination blunts, but does not defeat Delta

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/08/grim-warning-israel-vaccination-blunts-does-not-defeat-delta

 

[23] CDC Releases Study Showing 3/4 Delta Cases in US Among Vaccinated

https://www.farsnews.ir/en/news/14000509000285/CDC-Releases-Sdy-Shwing-3-4-Dela-Cases-in-US-Amng-Vaccinaed

 

[24] Epidemiologist Nadeeka Janage of National Medical Research institute, stating that even the vaccinated can transmit the virus to the others (starting from the 31st minute) (Sinhala)

https://youtu.be/Vt6eEc-hCKc

 

 

[25] Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant Among Vaccinated Healthcare Workers, Vietnam

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3897733

 

[26] Pfizer vaccine data submitted to the Japanese regulator

https://trialsitenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Pfizer-report_Japanese-government.pdf

 

[27] New peer reviewed study on COVID-19 vaccines suggests why heart inflammation, blood clots and other dangerous side effects occur

https://omny.fm/shows/on-point-with-alex-pierson/new-peer-reviewed-study-on-covid-19-vaccines-sugge

 

[28] COVID-19 vaccination and blood clotting

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-vaccination-and-blood-clotting/covid-19-vaccination-and-blood-clotting

 

[29] Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myocarditis.html

 

[30] The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Infections Including COVID-19: Any Hopes?

https://www.dovepress.com/the-relationship-between-vitamin-d-and-infections-including-covid-19-a-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM

 

[31] Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33308613/

 

[32] Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340409592_Evidence_that_Vitamin_D_Supplementation_Could_Reduce_Risk_of_Influenza_and_COVID-19_Infections_and_Deaths

 

[33] Impact of daily high dose oral vitamin D therapy on the inflammatory markers in patients with COVID 19 disease

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-90189-4

 

[34] Potential Clinical Benefits of Quercetin in the Early Stage of COVID-19: Results of a Second, Pilot, Randomized, Controlled and Open-Label Clinical Trial

https://www.dovepress.com/potential-clinical-benefits-of-quercetin-in-the-early-stage-of-covid-1-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM

 

[35] Administering zinc to covid-19 patients could help towards their recovery

https://www.imim.cat/news/377/administering-zinc-to-covid-19-patients-could-help-towards-their-recovery

 

[36] Meta-analysis of randomized trials of ivermectin to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection

https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofab358/6316214

 

[37] Multifaceted highly targeted sequential multidrug treatment of early ambulatory high-risk SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)

https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/infectiousdiseases_articles/139/

 

[38] Pathophysiological Basis and Rationale for Early Outpatient Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002934320306732

 

[39] Uttar Pradesh government says early use of Ivermectin helped to keep positivity, deaths low

https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/uttar-pradesh-government-says-ivermectin-helped-to-keep-deaths-low-7311786/

  

[40] Goa govt defends Ivermectin’s efficacy against Covid-19

https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/lower-mortality-goa-govt-defends-ivermectin-s-efficacy-against-covid19-101622188817860.html

 

[41] Ayurveda botanicals in COVID-19 management: An in silico multi-target approach

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248479

 

[42] Network pharmacology of AYUSH recommended immune-boosting medicinal plants against COVID-19

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33250601/

 

[43] Honey and Nigella sativa against COVID-19 in Pakistan (HNS-COVID-PK): A multi-center placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.30.20217364v4.full

 

[44] Randomized placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial on the efficacy of ayurvedic treatment regime on COVID-19 positive patients

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33596494/

 

[45] Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf 

 

[46] Covid Patient Zero may have been a Wuhan lab worker, WHO chief says

https://www.independent.co.uk/asia/china/covid-patient-zero-china-who-b1901616.html

 

[47] China Influenced WHO Covid-19 Team Probing Origin of Virus, Says Top Scientist

https://news.abplive.com/health/china-influenced-who-team-probing-coronavirus-wuhan-lab-leak-who-top-scientist-1475882

 

[48] COVID-19 could be 'engineered virus', says Fauci

https://www.aninews.in/news/world/us/fauci-admits-covid-19-could-be-engineered-virus20210619145425/

 

 

[49] Study alleges China created coronavirus in lab, tried to cover tracks

https://www.trtworld.com/life/study-alleges-china-created-coronavirus-in-lab-tried-to-cover-tracks-47098

 

[50] The Science Suggests a Wuhan Lab Leak

https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-science-suggests-a-wuhan-lab-leak-11622995184

[51] China accuses US of politicising coronavirus origins research

https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/china-accuses-us-of-politicising-coronavirus-origins-research-121082501006_1.html

 

[52] Six vaccinated countries have high Covid infection rates. Five of them rely on Chinese vaccines

https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/08/five-vaccinated-countries-with-high-covid-rates-rely-on-china-vaccines.html

 

[53] Preliminary investigations conducted by the Chinese authorities have found no clear evidence of human-to-human transmission of the novel coronavirus

https://twitter.com/who/status/1217043229427761152?lang=en

 

[54] Wuhan doctor: China authorities stopped me sounding alarm on Covid

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/26/wuhan-doctor-china-authorities-stopped-me-sounding-alarm-on-covid

 

[55] China knew the coronavirus could become a pandemic in mid-January but for 6 days claimed publicly that there was no evidence it could spread among humans

 https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-china-hid-pandemic-news-six-days-2020-4

 

[56] After Another COVID Spike, Israel Launches Third Vaccine Dose

https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/after-another-covid-spike-israel-launches-third-vaccine-dose

[57] Booster shots likely from October 

https://www.dailymirror.lk/print/front_page/Booster-shots-likely-from-October/238-219292

[58] COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape

https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines

 

[59] Had COVID? You’ll probably make antibodies for a lifetime

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01442-9?fbclid=IwAR1RCgTgp_ixQUuUerH8v6loNMYqahbwt62ZTjUnCPN4MUsC9KpVVFWbQwo

 

[60] Natural infection vs vaccination: Which gives more protection?

https://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/309762

 

[61] Scientific study from Israel shows natural immunity superior to Covid vaccine against Delta variant

 https://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/modern-day-censorship/eye-opening-scientific-study-from-israel-shows-natural-immunity-superior-to-covid-vaccine-in-delta-variant/

 

[62] International Travel During COVID-19

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html

 

[63] COVID-19 vaccinated travellers entering Canada

 https://travel.gc.ca/travel-covid/travel-restrictions/covid-vaccinated-travellers-entering-canada

 

[64] EU’s welcome to vaccinated Americans doesn’t extend to travelers who’ve received Chinese-made jabs

https://fortune.com/2021/04/26/europe-travel-vaccinated-americans-vaccine-us-eu-china/

 

[65] The Statistical Secrets of Covid-19 Vaccines

https://www.wired.com/story/the-statistical-secrets-of-covid-19-vaccines/

 

[66] COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness—the elephant (not) in the room

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(21)00069-0/fulltext

 
[67] Press release - 2021.08.24 – People’s liberation army, China donates three hundred thousand doses of Covid vaccines (Sinhala)

https://sinhala.dgi.gov.lk/press-srilanka/press-releases-sri-lanka/covid-19-documents?fbclid=IwAR0nY0canRs68T-Bp7MN1KZOKngYit0P9CTE67YOlL9a8CloGatmeHv5Ab0

 

[68] SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England Technical briefing 16

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1001359/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_16.pdf

 

[69] Japan suspends 1.6 million Moderna doses over contamination fears

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-58338281

[70] Brazil says Russian Covid vaccine carried live cold virus

https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210428-brazil-says-russian-covid-vaccine-carried-live-cold-virus

 

[71] Constitution of Sri Lanka

https://www.parliament.lk/files/pdf/constitution.pdf


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